To help with reading and writing new words, you need to be able to recognise the graphemes and know which sounds they represent. Some sounds have more than one grapheme. Have a go at this tap and ...

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Phonemes are the smallest sound units of language that bear meaning. Phonemes are contrastive, which means that they are meaningfully different. Phonemes are said to be in contrastive distribution, ...

Decoding is the process by which a word is broken into individual phonemes and recognized based on those phonemes. For instance, proficient decoders separate the sounds "buh," "aah," and "guh" in ...

Phonemes are the building blocks of language. Represented by letters of the alphabet, they are the component sounds of spoken words. Most people automatically hear, for example, that the word ...

It was originally set up as linguists needed a system to transcribe sounds they heard, as the Roman Alphabet, whilst useful for spelling, does not account for different phonemes and their production.

Request existing data Please read the ALSPAC access policy (PDF, 630kB) which describes the process of accessing the data and samples in detail, and outlines the costs associated with doing so. You ...

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In a shallow orthography, the relationships between graphemes (the letter combinations we use to spell words) and phonemes ...